Ultra-cold atoms, ions, molecules and quantum technologies
EAN13
9782759827466
Éditeur
EDP sciences
Date de publication
Collection
Current Natural Sciences
Langue
anglais
Fiches UNIMARC
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Ultra-cold atoms, ions, molecules and quantum technologies

EDP sciences

Current Natural Sciences

Livre numérique

  • Aide EAN13 : 9782759827466
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Physicists know how to produce gases at a few billionths of a degree above
absolute zero. The cooling methods apply not only to atoms but also to ions
and molecules. This field of research has three times been awarded the Nobel
Prize. The field experienced remarkable growth when experimentalists learned
how to vary at will the interactions between particles, trapping them with
optical tweezers or in optical gratings with adjustable geometry. Artificial
crystals made of atoms or molecules can be built to simulate the structure of
matter and elucidate some of its magnetic properties, hopefully contributing
to the understanding of high-temperature superconductivity. The phenomenon of
quantum entanglement is the basis for new devices for the storage and
transmission of quantum information. Spectacular progress is constantly being
made in metrology. For example, ultra-cold atom or ion clocks measure time to
better than one second over the lifetime of the Universe. New types of
industrial gravimeters and gyroscopes are improving the sensitivity of
seismology and navigation in space. In addition, the extreme precision of the
measurements allows tests of the fundamental laws of physics, such as quantum
electrodynamics, Lorentz invariance or possible variations of the fundamental
constants. The field of ultra-cold particles has now reached the stage where
it provides insights in the fields of condensed matter, chemistry and even
cosmology.
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